There are three places where Christ’s crucifixion was possible. There are pros and cons to each of them. Some are quite adamant about one of these three. Yet I don’t think there is hard-fast evidence of either one. Each has merit. Let’s see where they are located.

One of the most-held beliefs of where Christ was crucified is at the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Its location is outside the western city gate of Old Jerusalem and would have been on a main thoroughfare which led traffic to and from Damascus. This is probably the place most Catholics and many Protestants revere and celebrate as the place of Christ’s crucifixion. It receives thousands of visitors each year. It is located in the Christian Quarter of the Old City and close to both the Jaffa and Damascus Gates.

The second most-held belief of the place of Christ’s crucifixion is the Garden Tomb. It is located not far from the Damascus Gate on the north side of the city. Its location would have been near a main thoroughfare going into the city. It is quite peaceful and beautiful there. Probably more Protestants than Catholics revere this site as the place of Christ’s crucifixion and burial. The city’s bus depot is just on the other side of the garden wall and adjacent to it is a place that looks somewhat like a skull and the main reason it is thought to be the place of Calvary where Jesus was crucified.

Some people believe that neither of these places are correct. If Christ was to fulfill all eight of the sacrifices mentioned in the Mosaic Law, then he would need to be crucified near where the red heifer was sacrificed and that would be on the Mount of Olives near the Garden of Gethsemane. Near the base of the mount is the Church of Nations (Basilica of the Agony) and the Garden of Gethsemane is right next to it. This would also be near a main road to get to Jerusalem coming in from Jericho, through Bethany, and then through Bethphage at the top of the Mount of Olives (although that town is not there today). Jewish graves would be below the bridge and could be a potential place for Joseph of Arimathea’s tomb. Many Jews clamored to be buried here. Therefore, typically, only the wealthy could afford the price to be buried here. Most Jews believed their Messiah would enter Jerusalem from the east when he came to set up his kingdom and resurrect the faithful. Then they would be among the first resurrected so they would then be able to enter the Eastern Gate with him.

No matter which of these places you believe is the place of Christ’s crucifixion, it is important to know that this was an actual event of history and set the stage for his New Covenant. But was this the only role that Christ needed to fulfill when he came? Join me next time and we’ll discuss that subject.

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Visit Books & Words to Inspire by Randy C. Dockens

We now come to the third usage of Nehushtan: “Just as Moses lifted up the snake in the wilderness, so the Son of Man must be lifted up, that everyone who believes may have eternal life in him” (Jn 3:14-15).

Now, let’s do a comparison between Nehushtan and Christ’s crucifixion.

First, what was God’s wrath directed toward in each situation? His wrath was against the Israelites rebellion in the wilderness. His wrath was against the sin of all mankind when Christ was on the cross.

Second, what was the instrument God used to absolve his wrath in each situation? He used the poisonous snakes as a means of absolving his wrath for the Israelites in the wilderness. He used the sacrifice of Christ, his sinless son, as a means of absolving his wrath against us.

Third, what was the method required for healing in each situation? Faith was needed for the Israelites in the wilderness to be healed from their snakebite wounds and death. Also, faith is needed for us to be released from our doom of a second (or spiritual) death.

Fourth, who received God’s healing in each situation? For each, it was an individual act. Only those of the Israelites who looked up at the snake on the pole were healed. They had to obey God and face their sin. No one could do it for anyone else, no matter how much they may have loved them or wanted them to look. Everyone had to do that for themselves. The same is true for us today. Accepting Christ’s act of paying for our sins on the cross is an individual decision. No one can do it for you.

If these complaining Israelites had only known how close they were to reaching their Promised Land, they might have held their criticism. They were less than two years away from entering the land they had waited for for almost forty years. They let their frustration get the better of them rather than remembering God’s promises to them. Yet are we not similar in that we do the same? Sometimes we miss out on God’s blessing because we become impatient rather than relying upon His faithfulness.

The Israelites had selective remembrance of what happened to their parents. So, how had God responded to these Israelites’ parents when they refused to enter the Promised Land 38 years prior? God responded to the peoples’ rebellion upon the spies returning from Canaan and Moses pleading for them: “The LORD replied, ‘I have forgiven them, as you asked. Nevertheless, as surely as I live and as surely as the glory of the LORD fills the whole earth, not one of those who saw my glory and the signs I performed in Egypt and in the wilderness but who disobeyed me and tested me ten times—not one of them will ever see the land I promised on oath to their ancestors. No one who has treated me with contempt will ever see it’” (Nu 14:20-23).

What were these ten times and how did God respond to their rebellion? Six times God was merciful with the Israelites’ rebellion:

1. Israel became trapped between Pharaoh’s army and the Red Sea. The people complained that Moses had led them out of bondage to just have them destroyed. God was merciful and helped them by parting the water so they could travel through the Red Sea on dry ground (Ex 14:10-31).

2. Water at Marah was bitter and undrinkable, so the people complained even though days earlier God had saved them from destruction by the hand of Pharaoh. God instructed Moses what to do to make the water sweet and drinkable (Ex 15:22-25).

3. Israelites were hungry in Wilderness of Sin and God sent quails and manna to feed them (Ex 16:1-18).

4. Some Israelites left manna until morning going against what God commanded, and God had the manna spoil (Ex 16:19-20).

5. Some Israelites looked to gather manna on the Sabbath against what God commanded, and God reprimanded them (Ex 16:27-29).

6. No water at Rephidim and God provided water from the Rock (Ex 17:1-7).

God then started imposing national judgment:

7. People made and worshipped a golden calf. 3000 Israelites were slain by the sword (Ex 32:1-27).

8. Israelites complained at Taberah. God had many Israelites burned by fire from the Lord (Nu 11:1-3).

9. Israelites complained about not having meat to eat at Kibroth-Hattaavah. God sent quail but then also a plague (Nu 11:4-6; 31-34).

10. Most Israelites believed the bad report of the 10 spies saying the Promised Land couldn’t be conquered, and God said that those above the age of 20 would not enter the Promised Land (Nu 13:1-33; 14:1-45).

If we look at the location where each of these rebellions occurred, the first six occurred before they reached Mt. Sinai and the others were after they reached Sinai. It seems God was merciful with their rebellion and explained things to them before their encounter with Him at Mt. Sinai. Yet, after their encounter with Him, he started instituting judgment for their rebellion (sin). They were now his people, his ambassadors (Ex 19:6), and they needed to learn to act accordingly.

It seems even after 38 years of having to wait to get to Canaan, their Promised Land, lessons were not learned. God had provided everything for them for 38 years, but they were not grateful. It was not this generation who had been in Egypt, yet they still vocalized the same complaints their fathers and mothers had voiced. Rather than learning from their present, they clung to what they had heard about earthly satisfaction of their past, ignoring the hardships that occurred when they had what they were longing for. They, unfortunately, did not focus on the supernatural blessings God had provided to their fathers and mothers, as well as to themselves. They took for granted their current blessings and took those as normal, mundane. Yet do we not do the same? We focus on what is the here and now rather than the supernatural blessings of now and a guaranteed future of even more blessings to come.

I think the plague of poisonous snakes was the first individual salvation God provided to the Israelites once they had been judged. Therefore, this is a very appropriate one for Jesus to relate to Nicodemus about his crucifixion as our response to him is also an individual act.

We’ll explore this further next time. I hope you join me.

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Visit Books & Words to Inspire by Randy C. Dockens

Shavuot is one of the three Jewish feasts that were regarded as pilgrim festivals requiring all male Israelites to celebrate it at the temple in Jerusalem (Ex 23:14-17). Because of the unique timing of this festival, it went by other names as well: Feast of Weeks because it was to be 7 weeks after the Feast of Firstfruit (Bikkurim), and Pentecost because it was actually 50 days after Bikkurim. And, because the timing of Bikkurim is tied to Passover (Pesach) (Lv 23:11), Shavuot is therefore also tied to Passover in its timing as well (Lv 23:15).

So, if that is the case, then why did the Christian celebration of Pentecost become different from the Jewish celebration of Shavuot. Today, one would think they were two totally separate events. Technically, I guess they have become two separate celebrations, but that is rather unfortunate. So, what happened? How did this separation occur from something that was at one time united?

In Leviticus, we learn that the Feast of Unleavened Bread (Matzah) started the day after Passover (Pesach), lasted for seven days with the Feast of Firstfruit (Bikkurim) within this week of celebration of Matzah. Over time, because of their juxtaposition, each of these three feasts became part of a single celebration. In the gospels, we learn that Jesus Christ was crucified on Passover, was in the tomb on first day of Matzah, and rose on Bikkurim. The early Church then began to celebrate Christ’s crucifixion on Passover, or the 14th day of Nissan. This meant that it was on a different day each year on the Gregorian calendar (even though it was the same day each year on the Jewish calendar).

Over time, as the church became more hierarchical in nature and more predominantly Gentile in composition, there were some prominent church leaders who began to teach that Christians should separate themselves from those of the Jewish faith because Jews were the ones who rejected Jesus Christ and had him crucified. While it hard to really defend such a belief, this is what many taught at this time of church history.

At the same time, the Emperor Constatine declared Christianity as the national religion. What this did was demand that all should become part of the church. To accommodate this, the church began to “Christianize” many of the pagan holidays in order to more effectively incorporate people of other religions into the church. The pagan holiday Easter, which, in a loose way, celebrated Spring, life, birth, and renewal was used as a way to merge this festival with Christ’s resurrection (which technically occurred on the Jewish festival Bikkurim). This caused a split among many worshippers as some churches adopted this new “Christian” holiday to celebrate Christ’s resurrection and others kept to the traditional Jewish holiday of Passover when Christ was crucified. These Christians who celebrated Passover were known as Quarterdecimans (as quarta decima, in Latin, means fourteen).

This split of how Christ’s crucifixion and resurrection were celebrated continued for about twelve years until the Council of Nicaea (325 A.D.) where the church leaders agreed that the official church celebration of Christ’s death and resurrection would be celebrated on Easter each year rather than on the Jewish Passover. Easter was decreed to be the first Sunday after the first full moon following the Spring Equinox. This meant Easter could occur as early as March 22nd or as late as April 25th on the Gregorian calendar, depending upon when this full moon occurred. This forever separated the celebration of Christ’s death and resurrection from Passover.

Then, the church decided that their version of Pentecost would be fifty days after Easter. This was a play off how the Jews determined Shavuot from Bikkurim. This was convenient in one way, because it always made Pentecost on a Sunday whereas the Jewish Pentecost (Shavuot) would be fifty days after Firstfruit (Bikkurim) which could be any day of the week. Because Passover and Easter were now technically separated, the worship of Pentecost and Shavuot could be nowhere near each other on the Gregorian calendar. For example, the Jewish holiday Shavuot in 2024 will occur on June 12th (starting sundown on June 11th), the Christian holiday Pentecost occurred on Sunday, May 19th. In addition, the focus of the two holidays is not the same any longer.

This is the topic of what we will discuss next time. I hope you will join me.

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Visit Books & Words to Inspire by Randy C. Dockens

This is a dramatic reading on the crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ from the viewpoint of the Apostle John.

It strikes me as odd realizing it’s been a year since the Shavuot after our Messiah’s crucifixion and subsequent resurrection. Some call the holiday Pentecost because it comes fifty days after Bikkurim or Firstfruit, the day our Messiah rose from the dead. It’s really beyond my comprehension how the Holy Spirit has added so many people to his church. Actually, now that I think about it, Jesus did say that one day we would be able to do more than he ever did. I remember thinking at the time, that was a bold and impossible statement. Yet, his Holy Spirit has really done that as it helps us convey to others that Jesus is the answer to what they are searching for.

I think back to how this all started for me. I was a mere fisherman. No one really important. Although, my father Zebedee having his own fleet of fishing vessels made me think I was important. Boy, did I have a lot to learn. Yet, Jesus called me to follow him, and he said he would make me a fisher of men. And, I guess, that is what he has done. Of course, my start was not so profound. I have always been passionate, but unfortunately, that passion was not always bridled very well. Thus, I was labeled a Son of Thunder. On the flipside, many also implied I was his beloved disciple. Yet, that, too, was not how it had always been. In the beginning, Jesus would tell me, “I love you, John, but . . .” These words would cut me to the core because what he was really telling me was that I had made another blunder.

Yet, over time, I took his words to heart, even though they were quite painful at the moment he spoke them. I tried desperately to do things differently and to bridle my passion and make it positive and not explosive. I remember the first time he cusp my neck with his hand and gave my cheek a peck, but now, his words were, “I love you, John” without that dreaded “but.” I can’t tell you how my heart soared, and that experience even made me long to become more diligent. I often woke early from my slumber and deeply pondered the meaning of his words as I lay there and listened to the birds starting their day.

Although I didn’t always understand his stories, I knew there was more to them than just the obvious. Yet, even when I understood, or thought I understood these stories, that did not prepare me for what was soon to come. Even though what occurred was foretold, that was not what we had been taught about how the coming Messiah would act or would do. Now, I definitely knew Jesus was our promised Messiah, but I guess I imposed what I was taught about the coming Messiah on him rather than really listening and understanding what he was trying to tell us about what he was going to do and what would happen to him. Dying was nowhere in our thoughts about what was going to happen to him. We never focused on those things in the prophetic Scriptures. Our Messiah was going to be a conquering Messiah and would become our king. This is what we wanted for Jesus. But that is not what happened.

His dying on the cross is still so vivid in my memory. I don’t think this memory will ever fade. His crown of thorns caused blood to trickle down his cheeks and chin and then onto his chest. It was so heart wrenching to watch. I can’t even explain the blood. There was just so much of it. I don’t think anyone could have endured so much agony as he did if they were merely human. If he had not been our Messiah, being both divine and human, he would not have even made it to the cross before he would have expired. To put it mildly, he was a bloody mess.

Mary, his mother, who had always treated me as a son, stood beside me with tears streaming down her cheeks. She tried to ignore all those who were hurling jeers and insults at him. Yet, it was almost impossible to ignore. Grief is a strange thing though as that memory is not as vivid as just seeing him suffer. What else is vivid is the darkness that descended upon this scene before us. It was almost like nature had joined in our suffering and sorrow and was now displaying our inward emotions for all to see.

Mary clung to me as if her very strength depended on me supplying it. I think that was the only way she made it through this awful ordeal. I can’t tell you how horrific it was to stand there unnerved as we looked up at him slowly dying before us. Through pained eyes, he looked at me and said, “Behold, your mother.” I almost gasped as this statement revealed he was thinking about her during the very last moments of his life. I nodded. Of course, I would do anything he asked of me. Yet, she was like a mother to me already, so it was not a burdensome request. Mary seemed to lose it, though, and she clung to me even more tightly as she lost almost all her strength understanding the finality of Jesus’ words.

I then saw one of the guards put something on a sponge and put it to his mouth. I thought it a hint of compassion as he was giving Jesus something to relieve his thirst. Maybe he was, but I soon realized it was more likely a playful distraction for the guards as they argued over who would do the deed. He then uttered, “It is finished.” As he uttered these words, he looked at me, his eyes so piercing, without even a blink. His expression turned almost serene, but I felt the obscenity of the event as I saw the spark in his eyes slowly go dim.

He was gone! How could this be? His work couldn’t be over. In whom would I now confide? I saw his head fall to his chest which caused more blood to spatter and cascade down from his cheek. His body was now just a shell. His words to Nicodemus later came to mind. He was now like that brass serpent Moses placed on a pole. Yet, the significance of this didn’t really register quite yet. Also, it was not until much later that I realized his Spirit was accomplishing the victory for us our souls needed. For now, it was just heartache. Mary hugged me tightly, still sobbing. Our senses were assaulted again as one of the guards rammed his spear into Jesus’ side with an upward thrust. Mary shrieked as the act startled her so. I wrapped my arms around her and buried her face into my chest as I didn’t want her to see the blood and water that gushed from the puncture wound now visible in his side. If I didn’t know he had already died, there was now no question as to his death.

Both Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus, two prominent members of the Jewish Sanhedrin and evidently secret disciples of his came forward and took his body down and placed him in a nearby tomb. This surprised me that they would be so bold now and do this. I was impressed that they were so gentle with his body. I knew Nicodemus had talked to the Messiah, but I never saw him at any of our gatherings. I did see Joseph occasionally when Jesus talked, but I had no idea he had now believed in Jesus. Most of the Jewish leaders didn’t. I was glad these two had finally gotten their courage to act. But it seemed a little too late to me. The tomb lay in a quaint place that had been made into a beautiful garden for someone of wealth. Quite fitting, I thought. Just then, we heard the shofar at the temple being blown announcing the Passover lamb had just been slain. I didn’t realize it at the time, but this symbolized a double vignette of offerings. Both the national pascal lamb and the true Passover Lamb of God were sacrificed. At this time, I had no understanding that this was all part of his plan for us, for the world, and of all we would gain eternally from his death. It’s not that he had not said or implied such, it’s just that my brain was not willing to go there while he was alive.

I, along with the other disciples, sequestered ourselves away. We were scared and really had no idea what to do or what to believe. Our minds were in such turmoil. Many of the women wanted to go back to the tomb and do their own anointing of Jesus’ body. Some of us tried to discourage them from doing so, but they were determined to show their devotion to him. Yet, it was three days after his crucifixion before they were able to do so due to the first day of Matzah, or Unleavened Bread, being a special Sabbath and then followed by the weekly Sabbath. None of us men went with them. We believed that if any of the soldiers guarding his tomb saw us, we would get arrested. Yet, the women could likely cajole the soldiers to let them into the tomb for a short time.

Not long after the women had left us, the door suddenly burst open. We all flinched and looked for a way to escape as we thought Roman soldiers had somehow found us. A couple of the women had returned and were beside themselves. “He’s alive!” they shouted. “We should not have doubted.” We all sat or stood dumbfounded. I was one of the first to leave and check this out. Peter was not far behind. I ran with all my might. Although quite a distance to the tomb, I didn’t stop for anything except seeing Mary Magdalene along the way. “I saw him,” she said. “He is risen, not dead. Go and see for yourself.” I rushed off, but her words did not compute in my mind. I could only think that someone must have stolen his body and Mary was confused. The faster I ran, the more livid I became that someone would steal our Master’s body like this. There had to be a way to make them pay for such cruelty. Yet, when I arrived, I first didn’t go in, but Peter did. When he came out, I went in as my anger had subsided and I became curious as Peter looked perplexed. My eyes grew wide upon seeing the facecloth folded neatly and set apart from the other linen. This meant his body was not taken in haste or inhumanely. Someone had taken a conscious effort to fold this linen. My heart leapt within me. Could it really be true? Was Mary not confused after all? Was he actually alive? I began to believe it. Our Master was alive!

Peter and I and the women all went back to the others. Everyone was in an uproar disputing what we had seen. Some believed and others were skeptical. Suddenly, with the door locked, Jesus stood among us. At first, we all jumped back. I was one of the first to step forward. He came up to me, gave me a hug, and said as he had done many times before, “John, I love you.” My eyes filled with tears as his hug calmed my doubts and fears. Then, all the others flocked to him and began to embrace him as well.

Unfortunately, he was with us for only forty days when he took us to the Mount of Olives, and we saw his ascension. I have to say, we were so unprepared for comprehending his instructions to us of, “Stay in Jerusalem.” Before we knew what was happening, he rose out of our sight and into the clouds. While angels did appear and tell us not to be flustered because, one day, he would return to us just as we saw him leave, their words only added to our tension and confusion as we had a hard time processing all of this.

Yet, in ten days, things became so much clearer as the Holy Spirit descended upon us in a mighty way on that Shavuot, or as some call it, Pentecost. I have no words to really tell you how I felt. Yet, the Holy Spirit gave us calmness and a boldness which I had never experienced before. Words to say just came to us. We apparently spoke in other languages, but all we knew was we were speaking words God gave us to say.

His plan for us is now so much clearer. We are to build his kingdom until he returns. Then all the prophecies that he did not complete when he was with us will be fulfilled when he returns because he is always true to his word and his word will never return to him void. All that he says or has said will come true. I continue to be a fisherman of souls and can only share what my Messiah shared with me. The answer to what each person is truly seeking for themselves is to respond and allow Christ to give them their own Pentecost just as he did for me and so many others.

And what about you? Are you willing to join us and be one of his disciples too? Have you had your Pentecost? All you have to do is do what I did. Accept his sacrifice. It is only through his sacrifice for us, for our sins, that we can now come to him in repentance and accept what he has done for us which we could not do for ourselves. Nothing we do now or even after we accept him is necessary or even effective. It is all through his work and not ours. Then the Holy Spirit comes and dwells with you and helps you to become more like him. Today can be your Pentecost. I had mine. Why not have yours today?

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Visit Books & Words to Inspire by Randy C. Dockens